Aspect - Revision history

Ldonohue: /* Perfective vs. imperfective aspect in English */ corrected minor typo --~~~~

2019-01-15T02:29:08Z

Perfective vs. imperfective aspect in English: corrected minor typo --~~~~

NBlöcher: /* Other languages */

2014-06-18T17:50:01Z

Other languages

Volker gast at 07:48, 30 September 2009

2009-09-30T07:48:16Z

Volker gast: /* Definition */

2009-09-30T07:32:44Z

Definition

Volker gast at 21:54, 29 September 2009

2009-09-29T21:54:32Z

Volker gast: /* Progressive vs. non-progressive aspect */

2009-09-29T21:48:03Z

Progressive vs. non-progressive aspect

Volker gast: /* Perfective vs. imperfective aspect in English */

2009-09-29T21:46:05Z

Perfective vs. imperfective aspect in English

Volker gast: material taken from a term paper by Marcel Meißner

2009-09-29T21:24:54Z

material taken from a term paper by Marcel Meißner

Haspelmath: /* Other languages */

2009-06-29T09:28:44Z

Other languages

Haspelmath at 09:28, 29 June 2009

2009-06-29T09:28:18Z

@@ Line 9: / Line 9: @@
 The [[perfective aspect]] “looks at the situation from outside, without necessarily distinguishing any of the internal structure of the situation, whereas the [[imperfective|imperfective aspect]] looks at the situation from inside, and as such is crucially concerned with the internal structure of the situation” (Comrie 1976:4; cf. also Bache 1995: 269). Looking at an event from the outside means focusing on the external situation as a whole, i.e. in its entirety and as completed.
-Huddleston and Pullum (2002) distinguish perfectivity and imperfectivity by relating T<sub>r</sub> (the 'time referred to') and T<sub>sit</sub> (the 'situational time') to each other. Perfective aspectuality is accordingly definesd as a property of situations in which T<sub>r</sub> does not entirely include T<sub>sit</sub>; imperfectivity is defined as a property of situations in which T<sub>r</sub> as entirely included in T<sub>sit</sub> (Huddleston & Pullum 2002: 124f.).
+Huddleston and Pullum (2002) distinguish perfectivity and imperfectivity by relating T<sub>r</sub> (the 'time referred to') and T<sub>sit</sub> (the 'situational time') to each other. Perfective aspectuality is accordingly defined as a property of situations in which T<sub>r</sub> does not entirely include T<sub>sit</sub>; imperfectivity is defined as a property of situations in which T<sub>r</sub> as entirely included in T<sub>sit</sub> (Huddleston & Pullum 2002: 124f.).
 ===Example===

@@ Line 49: / Line 49: @@
 ===Other languages===
-Czech [[vid]] German [[Aspekt]] Russian [[вид]] Spanish [[aspecto]]
+Czech [[vid]] <br> German [[Aspekt]] <br> Russian [[вид]] <br> Spanish [[aspecto]] <br>
 {{dc}}

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 ==Definition==
 '''Aspect''' is an inflectional [[category-system]] of verbs that has to do with the internal temporal constituency of an event. It is a cover term for those properties of a sentence that constitute the temporal structure of the event denoted by the verb and its arguments. Not all verbs have the same aspectual properties and so may belong to different [[aspectual classes]]. The aspect of a sentence is in many languages expressed syntactically and/or morpho-phonologically.
 ==Perfective vs. imperfective aspect in English==

@@ Line 2: / Line 2: @@
 '''Aspect''' is an inflectional [[category-system]] of verbs that has to do with the internal temporal constituency of an event. It is a cover term for those properties of a sentence that constitute the temporal structure of the event denoted by the verb and its arguments. Not all verbs have the same aspectual properties and so may belong to different [[aspectual classes]]. The aspect of a sentence is in many languages expressed syntactically and/or morpho-phonologically.
-===Perfective vs. imperfective aspect in English===
+==Perfective vs. imperfective aspect in English==
 The opposition between [[perfective|perfective aspect]] and [[imperfective aspect]] is one of the most important aspectual distinctions encoded in natural languages.
 The [[perfective aspect]] “looks at the situation from outside, without necessarily distinguishing any of the internal structure of the situation, whereas the [[imperfective|imperfective aspect]] looks at the situation from inside, and as such is crucially concerned with the internal structure of the situation” (Comrie 1976:4; cf. also Bache 1995: 269). Looking at an event from the outside means focusing on the external situation as a whole, i.e. in its entirety and as completed.
@@ Line 8: / Line 8: @@
 Huddleston and Pullum (2002) distinguish perfectivity and imperfectivity by relating T<sub>r</sub> (the 'time referred to') and T<sub>sit</sub> (the 'situational time') to each other. Perfective aspectuality is accordingly definesd as a property of situations in which T<sub>r</sub> does not entirely include T<sub>sit</sub>; imperfectivity is defined as a property of situations in which T<sub>r</sub> as entirely included in T<sub>sit</sub> (Huddleston & Pullum 2002: 124f.).
-====Example====
+===Example===
 *A: "What did you do yesterday between 4 and 5 o'clock?"<br>
 ** B<sub>1</sub>: "I took a nap."
@@ Line 21: / Line 21: @@
 |}
-===Progressive vs. non-progressive aspect===
+==Progressive vs. non-progressive aspect==
 The [[progressive aspect]] is often viewed as a sub-category of the [[imperfective aspect]] (e.g. Comrie 1976: 25). It forms a sub-category of [[continuous]] situations within the class of imperfective ones. In English, the [[progressive aspect]] is used to indicate imperfectivity in combination with [[dynamic]] (non-stative) situations, but it is not regularly used with [[stative]] verbs.
-===Aspectual categories===
+==Aspectual categories==
 * [[perfective aspect]]
 * [[imperfective aspect]]
@@ Line 30: / Line 30: @@
 * [[progressive aspect]]
 * [[continuous aspect]]
 === References ===
@@ Line 43: / Line 39: @@
 * Verkuyl, H.J. 1993. ''A theory of aspectuality: the interaction between temporal and atemporal structure,'' Cambridge University Press, Cambrigde
 * Verkuyl, H.J. 1972. ''On the compositional nature of the aspects,'' Reidel, Dordrecht.
 ===Other languages===

← Older revision		Revision as of 21:54, 29 September 2009
Line 1:		Line 1:
		+	==Definition==
	'''Aspect''' is an inflectional [[category-system]] of verbs that has to do with the internal temporal constituency of an event. It is a cover term for those properties of a sentence that constitute the temporal structure of the event denoted by the verb and its arguments. Not all verbs have the same aspectual properties and so may belong to different [[aspectual classes]]. The aspect of a sentence is in many languages expressed syntactically and/or morpho-phonologically.		'''Aspect''' is an inflectional [[category-system]] of verbs that has to do with the internal temporal constituency of an event. It is a cover term for those properties of a sentence that constitute the temporal structure of the event denoted by the verb and its arguments. Not all verbs have the same aspectual properties and so may belong to different [[aspectual classes]]. The aspect of a sentence is in many languages expressed syntactically and/or morpho-phonologically.

← Older revision		Revision as of 21:46, 29 September 2009
Line 7:		Line 7:
	Huddleston and Pullum (2002) distinguish perfectivity and imperfectivity by relating T<sub>r</sub> (the 'time referred to') and T<sub>sit</sub> (the 'situational time') to each other. Perfective aspectuality is accordingly definesd as a property of situations in which T<sub>r</sub> does not entirely include T<sub>sit</sub>; imperfectivity is defined as a property of situations in which T<sub>r</sub> as entirely included in T<sub>sit</sub> (Huddleston & Pullum 2002: 124f.).		Huddleston and Pullum (2002) distinguish perfectivity and imperfectivity by relating T<sub>r</sub> (the 'time referred to') and T<sub>sit</sub> (the 'situational time') to each other. Perfective aspectuality is accordingly definesd as a property of situations in which T<sub>r</sub> does not entirely include T<sub>sit</sub>; imperfectivity is defined as a property of situations in which T<sub>r</sub> as entirely included in T<sub>sit</sub> (Huddleston & Pullum 2002: 124f.).

		+	====Example====
		+	*A: "What did you do yesterday between 4 and 5 o'clock?"<br>
		+	** B<sub>1</sub>: "I took a nap."
		+	** B<sub>2</sub>: "I was taking a nap."
		+
		+	In B<sub>1</sub>, T<sub>r</sub> ('4-5 o'clock') is not fully included in T<sub>sit</sub> (the time of the nap); in B<sub>2</sub>, T<sub>r</sub> ('4-5 o'clock') ''is'' fully included in T<sub>sit</sub> (the time of the nap):
		+
		+	{\| border="1"
		+	\|-
		+	\| '''Perfective aspect'''<br>[[Image:Perfective.JPG\|300px]]
		+	\| '''Imperfective aspect'''<br>[[Image:Imperfective.JPG\|300px]]
		+	\|}

	===Progressive vs. non-progressive aspect===		===Progressive vs. non-progressive aspect===