Causative - Revision history

Rulavi: /* Other languages */

2008-01-10T15:54:04Z

Other languages

Rulavi: Not clearly true for much of Spanish

2008-01-10T15:50:45Z

Not clearly true for much of Spanish

Haspelmath: Causatives moved to Causative: head words should be in the singular

2008-01-10T10:38:21Z

Causatives moved to Causative: head words should be in the singular

Haspelmath at 10:37, 10 January 2008

2008-01-10T10:37:30Z

Rulavi: /* References */

2008-01-09T21:54:03Z

References

Rulavi: Began stub.

2008-01-09T21:17:33Z

Began stub.

New page

A '''causative''' is a [[Morphology |morphological]] or [[Syntax |syntactic]] structure in which a [[Derivation | derived]] [[verb |verbal]] structure (e.g. a derived verb [[stem]] or a verbal [[phrase]]) denotes the same process as its underived counterpart, with the addition of an active [[participant]] which causes that process to occur.

Typically the new participant is [[subject]] of the causative structure, and the "old" subject (subject of the underived verbal structure) is demoted to direct or indirect [[object]] or [[adjunct]] status. In some languages (e.g. [[French]], [[Spanish]]), the old subject of intransitives becomes a [[direct object]] ([[accusative]]) while the old subject of transitives becomes an [[indirect object]] ([[dative]]) (the old direct object retaining its accusative status), but other patterns also occur.

=== Examples ===

<u>[[Spanish]] (verb phrase in which the "old" verb is an infinitive and the "old" subject a dative):</u>
{|
|-
| ''El'' || ''padre'' || ''le'' || ''hizo'' || ''com-er'' || ''las'' || ''papas.''
|-
| the || father || 3s:DAT || 3s:made || eat-INF || the || potatoes
|-
| colspan='7' | ‘His father made him eat the potatoes’
|-
|}

<u>Classical [[Nahuatl]] (from Carochi 1645:61, who terms these “verbos compulẛiuos”)</u>
{|
|-
| ''ni-''||''mitz-''||''cochī''||''-tia''
|-
|1s:Subj-||2s:Obj-||sleep||-CAUS
|-
| colspan='6' | ‘I put you to sleep, make you sleep’
|-
|}

=== The relationship of Causatives and Applicatives ===

[[Applicative | Applicatives]] and causatives are closely related in a number of languages. Both introduce a new nominal argument to derive a new transitive verb from a more basic verb (whether transitive or intransitive). Applicatives however, rather than introducing a new subject, introduce a new object. (See further discussion of this relationship in the article on [[applicative | applicatives]].)

=== Origin ===

The name “causative” is in English a transparent combination of the verb ''cause'' or the noun ''causation'' with the productive ''-(at)ive'' adjectivizing suffix.

=== See also ===

* [[Verbal morphology]]
* [[Applicative]]
* [[Valence change]]

=== References ===

=== Other languages ===

* Spanish Causativo

@@ Line 49: / Line 49: @@
 * Spanish [[causativo]]
 {{dc}}
 [[Category:Syntax]]

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 A '''causative''' is a [[Morphology |morphological]] or [[Syntax |syntactic]] structure in which a [[Derivation | derived]] [[verb |verbal]] structure (e.g. a derived verb [[stem]] or a verbal [[phrase]]) denotes the same process as its underived counterpart, with the addition of an active [[participant]] which causes that process to occur.
-Typically the new participant is [[subject]] of the causative structure, and the "old" subject (subject of the underived verbal structure) is demoted to direct or indirect [[object]] or [[adjunct]] status. In some languages (e.g. [[French]], [[Spanish]]), the old subject of intransitives becomes a [[direct object]] ([[accusative]]) while the old subject of transitives becomes an [[indirect object]] ([[dative]]) (the old direct object retaining its accusative status), but other patterns also occur.
+Typically the new participant is [[subject]] of the causative structure, and the "old" subject (subject of the underived verbal structure) is demoted to direct or indirect [[object]] or [[adjunct]] status. In some languages (e.g. [[French]]), the old subject of intransitives becomes a [[direct object]] ([[accusative]]) while the old subject of transitives becomes an [[indirect object]] ([[dative]]) (the old direct object retaining its accusative status), but other patterns also occur.
 === Examples ===

← Older revision	Revision as of 10:38, 10 January 2008
(No difference)

@@ Line 38: / Line 38: @@
 === See also ===
-    * [[Verbal morphology]]
+* [[Verbal morphology]]
-    * [[Applicative]]
+* [[Applicative]]
-    * [[Valence change]]
+* [[Valence change]]
 === References ===
@@ Line 48: / Line 48: @@
 === Other languages ===
-    * Spanish Causativo
+* Spanish [[causativo]]