Speech-act participant - Revision history

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== Definition ==

'''Speech-act participant''' (abbreviated SAP) refers to 1st or 2nd person to the exclusion of 3rd person.

== Example ==

Certain subsystems of a language’s grammar are sensitive to speech-act participants. (They do not distinguish between 1st or 2nd person, but contrast them both with third person (non-speech-act participant).)

In [[Sahaptin]], the [[ergative]] case appears on 3rd person nouns only if the object is a speech-act participant (Rude 1997):

{|
|-
| ''ɨwínš-nɨm=naš'' || ''i-q̓ínun-a''
|-
| man-ERG=1SG || 3nom-see-PST
|-
|colspan="2" | ''The man saw me.''
|-
|}

{|
|-
| ''ɨwínš-nɨm=am'' || ''i-q̓ínun-a''
|-
| man-ERG=2SG || 3nom-see-PST
|-
|colspan="2" | ''The man saw you.''
|-
|}

If the object is not a speech-act participant, the 3rd person noun may not be marked by ergative case:

{|
|-
| ''ɨwínš'' || ''i-q̓ínun-a'' || ''miyánaš-na''
|-
| man || 3nom-see-PST || child-ACC
|-
|colspan="3" | The man saw the child.
|-
|colspan="3" | ''(<nowiki>*</nowiki>ɨwínš-nɨm i-q̓ínun-a miyánaš-na)''
|-
|}

== Comment ==
In some literature (e.g. Andrews 1985), the term [[local]] is used for the speech-act participant.

== Origin ==

== Synonyms ==

[[Local]]

== References ==
Andrews, Avery. 1985. The major functions of the noun phrase. In ''Language Typology and syntactic description,'' vol. 1. ''Clause structure,'' ed. by Timothy Shopen, pp. 62–154

Rude, Noel. 1997. On the history of nominal case in Sahaptian. In ''International Journal of American Linguistics'', Vol. 63, No. 1. University of Chicago Press, pp. 113–143

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 '''Speech-act participant''' (abbreviated SAP) refers to 1st or 2nd person to the exclusion of 3rd person.
-== Example ==
+=== Example ===
 Certain subsystems of a language’s grammar are sensitive to speech-act participants. (They do not distinguish between 1st or 2nd person, but contrast them both with third person (non-speech-act participant).)
@@ Line 42: / Line 42: @@
 |}
-== Synonym ==
+=== Synonym ===
 [[Local]] (e.g. Andrews 1985)
-== References ==
+=== References ===
 *Andrews, Avery. 1985. The major functions of the noun phrase. In ''Language Typology and syntactic description,'' vol. 1. ''Clause structure,'' ed. by Timothy Shopen, pp. 62–154

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:30, 29 March 2008
Line 59:		Line 59:

	Rude, Noel. 1997. On the history of nominal case in Sahaptian. In ''International Journal of American Linguistics'', Vol. 63, No. 1. University of Chicago Press, pp. 113–143		Rude, Noel. 1997. On the history of nominal case in Sahaptian. In ''International Journal of American Linguistics'', Vol. 63, No. 1. University of Chicago Press, pp. 113–143
		+
		+	{{dc}}

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 '''Speech-act participant''' (abbreviated SAP) refers to 1st or 2nd person to the exclusion of 3rd person.
@@ Line 29: / Line 27: @@
 |-
 |}
 If the object is not a speech-act participant, the 3rd person noun may not be marked by ergative case:
@@ Line 45: / Line 42: @@
 |}
-== Comment ==
+[[Local]] (e.g. Andrews 1985)
-== Origin ==
+== References ==
-[[Local]]
+*Andrews, Avery. 1985. The major functions of the noun phrase. In ''Language Typology and syntactic description,'' vol. 1. ''Clause structure,'' ed. by Timothy Shopen, pp. 62–154
+*Rude, Noel. 1997. On the history of nominal case in Sahaptian. In ''International Journal of American Linguistics'', Vol. 63, No. 1. University of Chicago Press, pp. 113–143
-Rude, Noel. 1997. On the history of nominal case in Sahaptian. In ''International Journal of American Linguistics'', Vol. 63, No. 1. University of Chicago Press, pp. 113–143
+===Other languages===
 {{dc}}

@@ Line 7: / Line 7: @@
 Certain subsystems of a language’s grammar are sensitive to speech-act participants. (They do not distinguish between 1st or 2nd person, but contrast them both with third person (non-speech-act participant).)
-In [[Sahaptin]], the [[ergative]] case appears on 3rd person nouns only if the object is a speech-act participant (Rude 1997):
+In [[Sahaptin]], the [[ergative case]] appears on 3rd person nouns only if the object is a speech-act participant (Rude 1997):
 {|