Difference between revisions of "Participle"
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| − | + | A '''participle''' is a [[finiteness|non-finite]] form of a [[verb]], generally with [[adjective|adjectival]] [[external syntax]] and verbal [[internal syntax]]. | |
| + | |||
| + | ===Examples=== | ||
| + | In English, one distinguishes the [[present participle]] ''writing'' in (i), the [[participle of the perfect tense]] ''written'' in (ii), and the [[passive participle]] ''written'' in (iii): | ||
(i) John is writing a book | (i) John is writing a book | ||
(ii) John has written a book | (ii) John has written a book | ||
(iii) This book was been written by John | (iii) This book was been written by John | ||
| + | |||
| + | These forms are mostly used as [[periphrasis form]]s for tense-aspect and voice periphrases. | ||
| + | |||
| + | ===Comments=== | ||
In [[Germanic]] and [[Romance]] languages participles sometimes show [[agreement]] [[inflection]], as shown in (iv) by the passive participle ''écrites''<nowiki>: </nowiki> | In [[Germanic]] and [[Romance]] languages participles sometimes show [[agreement]] [[inflection]], as shown in (iv) by the passive participle ''écrites''<nowiki>: </nowiki> | ||
Revision as of 05:30, 22 February 2009
A participle is a non-finite form of a verb, generally with adjectival external syntax and verbal internal syntax.
Examples
In English, one distinguishes the present participle writing in (i), the participle of the perfect tense written in (ii), and the passive participle written in (iii):
(i) John is writing a book (ii) John has written a book (iii) This book was been written by John
These forms are mostly used as periphrasis forms for tense-aspect and voice periphrases.
Comments
In Germanic and Romance languages participles sometimes show agreement inflection, as shown in (iv) by the passive participle écrites:
(iv) Cettes lettres ont été écrites par Marie
Those letters[Pl,F] have been written[Pl,F] by Marie
Links
Utrecht Lexicon of Linguistics
References
- Spencer, A. 1991. Morphological Theory, Blackwell, Oxford.
Other languages
German Partizip
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