Difference between revisions of "Adjacency Condition"
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| − | + | '''Adjacency Condition''' is a condition on word formation rules proposed in Siegel (1977) and taken up by Allen (1978) which states that an affixation rule can be made sensitive to the content of an embedded [[morpheme]] only if that [[morpheme]] is the one most recently attached by a morphological rule. Intuitively, the Adjacency Condition prevents a word formation rule from looking into the entire derivational history of morphologically complex words. | |
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| + | ===Examples=== | ||
| + | In Dutch, [[adjective]]s can be formed by adding the [[suffix]] ''-baar'' '-able' to [[verbal stem]]s. However, this [[suffix]] takes [[transitive verb]]s as its input only. Hence, ''vinden'' 'to find' ''vindbaar'' 'findable', but ''klimmen'' 'to climb' ''*klimbaar'' 'climbable'. When the transitivising [[prefix]] ''be-'' is added to the [[intransitive verb]] ''klimmen'' though, the derived [[transitive verb]] ''beklimmen'' 'climb' may undergo ''-baar'' [[suffixation]] (''beklimbaar'' 'climbable'). | ||
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| + | The Adjacency Condition accounts for the contrast between ''*klimbaar'' and ''beklimbaar'' in the following way. In the first example, the content of the [[verb]] ''klimmen'' is structurally adjacent to the suffix ''-baar'' (''[[klim]<sub>V</sub> baar]<sub>A</sub>''), and given the condition on ''-baar'' [[suffixation]], the [[adjective]] ''klimbaar'' will be ruled out. The situation is crucially different in the second example. In this form the content of the [[verb]] ''klimmen'' is not structurally adjacent to the [[suffix]] ''-baar'' (''[[be [klim]<sub>V</sub>]<sub>V</sub> baar]<sub>A</sub>''), and the Adjacency Condition makes the ''-baar'' suffixation rule insensitive to the intransitive nature of the [[verb]] ''klimmen''. | ||
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| + | ===Comment=== | ||
| + | Williams (1981) has replaced this condition with his slightly different [[Atom Condition]]. | ||
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| + | ===Link=== | ||
| + | [http://www2.let.uu.nl/UiL-OTS/Lexicon/zoek.pl?lemma=Adjacency+Condition&lemmacode=986 Utrecht Lexicon of Linguistics] | ||
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| + | ===References=== | ||
| + | *Allen, M.R. 1978. Morphological Investigations, PhD diss. Univ. of Connecticut. | ||
| + | *Scalise, S. 1984. ''Generative Morphology.'' Foris, Dordrecht. | ||
| + | *Siegel, D. 1978. The Adjacency Condition and the Theory of Morphology. ''NELS VIII'', 189-197. | ||
| + | *{{: Spencer 1991}} | ||
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| + | {{dc}} | ||
| + | [[Category:Morphology]] | ||
Latest revision as of 15:17, 22 January 2008
Adjacency Condition is a condition on word formation rules proposed in Siegel (1977) and taken up by Allen (1978) which states that an affixation rule can be made sensitive to the content of an embedded morpheme only if that morpheme is the one most recently attached by a morphological rule. Intuitively, the Adjacency Condition prevents a word formation rule from looking into the entire derivational history of morphologically complex words.
Examples
In Dutch, adjectives can be formed by adding the suffix -baar '-able' to verbal stems. However, this suffix takes transitive verbs as its input only. Hence, vinden 'to find' vindbaar 'findable', but klimmen 'to climb' *klimbaar 'climbable'. When the transitivising prefix be- is added to the intransitive verb klimmen though, the derived transitive verb beklimmen 'climb' may undergo -baar suffixation (beklimbaar 'climbable').
The Adjacency Condition accounts for the contrast between *klimbaar and beklimbaar in the following way. In the first example, the content of the verb klimmen is structurally adjacent to the suffix -baar ([[klim]V baar]A), and given the condition on -baar suffixation, the adjective klimbaar will be ruled out. The situation is crucially different in the second example. In this form the content of the verb klimmen is not structurally adjacent to the suffix -baar ([[be [klim]V]V baar]A), and the Adjacency Condition makes the -baar suffixation rule insensitive to the intransitive nature of the verb klimmen.
Comment
Williams (1981) has replaced this condition with his slightly different Atom Condition.
Link
Utrecht Lexicon of Linguistics
References
- Allen, M.R. 1978. Morphological Investigations, PhD diss. Univ. of Connecticut.
- Scalise, S. 1984. Generative Morphology. Foris, Dordrecht.
- Siegel, D. 1978. The Adjacency Condition and the Theory of Morphology. NELS VIII, 189-197.
- Spencer, A. 1991. Morphological Theory. Blackwell, Oxford.
