Russian
| Russian | ||
|---|---|---|
| Autoglottonym: | Русский язык (russkij jazyk) | |
| Pronunciation: | ˈruskʲɪj jɪˈzɨk | |
| Ethnologue name: | Russian | |
| OLAC name: | Russian | |
| Location point: | ||
| Genealogy | ||
| Family: | Indo-European | |
| Genus: | East Slavic | |
| Speakers | ||
| Country: | Russia, other post-Soviet states, Germany, Israel, the United States, Canada | |
| Official in: | Russia, Belarus, Ukraine, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, certain regions in neighboring countries, the United Nation | |
| Speakers: | 272 million (including L2 speakers) | |
| Writing system: | Cyrillic (orthography) | |
| Codes | ||
| ISO 639-2: | rus | {{{ISO2T}}} |
| ISO 639-3: | rus | |
Russian is one of the three (or controversially four) living Eastern Slavic languages.
Contents
Name
Location
Russian is spoken in Russia and the other post-Soviet states, North America, Israel as well as in Western Europe, above all Germany.
Speakers
The number of the primary speakers is estimated to be circa 162,000,000, of which according to the 2010 census approximately 137,000,000 live within the Russian federation. Besides them, there exists a relatively large number of the secondary speakers, which is estimated around 110,000,000.
Dialects
Russian can primarily be divided into North and South Russian dialects.
Classification
Links
Major works on the language
Über die Nominal-Morphologie im Russischen
Russisch ist eine stark flektierende Sprache. Das Nomen im Russischen kennt 6 Kasus (Nominativ, Akkusativ, Genitiv, Dativ, Instrumental und Lokativ), 3 Genera (Femininum, Maskulinum und Neutrum)und 2 Numeri (Singular und Plural). Außerdem verfügt das russische Nomen über die Belebtheitskategorie, die bei der Deklination zu unterschiedlichen Formen führt: Die Substantive, die die Kategorie +belebt besitzen (das sind Substantive, die auf Personen oder Tiere referieren) bilden den Akkusativ wie den Genitiv (Formensynkretismus). Diese Regel gilt auch für die Attribute:
[star-yj slon]
[alt-NOM elefantNOMø]
[star-ogo slon-a]
[alt-AKK elefand-AKK]
[star-ogo slon-a]
[alt-GEN elefant-GEN]
Die Substantive mit dem Merkmal -belebt, dagegen, bilden den Akkusativ wie den Nominativ:
[star-yj stol]
[alt-NOM tischNOMø]
[staryj stol]
[alt-AKK tischAKKø]
References
Other Languages
- German Russisch
- Russian Русский язык
